Difference between revisions of "LVM"
From Briki
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| − | * Use '''fdisk''' to delete /dev/sda3, delete old /dev/sda2 and recreate as a larger partition (this will not actually delete any data from /dev/sda2) | + | * Use '''fdisk''' to delete /dev/sda3, delete old /dev/sda2 and recreate as a larger partition (this will not actually delete any data from /dev/sda2) |
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$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda | $ sudo fdisk /dev/sda | ||
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Syncing disks. | Syncing disks. | ||
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| + | * If fdisk warned you that the kernel still uses the old table, you will need to reboot now. Remember to unmount relevant logical volumes again after rebooting. | ||
* Resize the LVM physical volume to match the new partition size | * Resize the LVM physical volume to match the new partition size | ||
Revision as of 11:59, 21 August 2007
Contents
Overview
- One or more Physical Volumes (eg. /dev/sda2) are joined together in a Volume Group (eg. /dev/vg1)
- A Volume Group is split into one or more Logical Volumes (eg. /dev/vg1/media)
Creating a new volume group & logical volume
To create a volume group (/dev/vg1) consisting of 1 physical volume (/dev/sda2), and split into only 1 logical volume (/dev/vg1/media):
- Setup partition as a physical volume:
sudo pvcreate /dev/sda2
- Create a volume group consisting of only this physical volume:
sudo vgcreate vg1 /dev/sda2
- Check volume group has been created successfully:
vgdisplay
This should show 1 volume group consisting of 0 LVs (see Cur LV and 1 PV (see Cur PV).
- Create a logical volume:
sudo lvcreate --size 30g --name media vg1
- Format the logical volume as ext3:
mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg1/media
- Mount the volume by adding the following line to /etc/fstab:
/dev/vg1/media /var/media ext3 defaults 0 2
Resizing a physical volume
For example, deleting /dev/sda3 and extending /dev/sda2 to use the free space. Note here that we are extending a physical volume, not just a logical one.
- Unmount any logical volumes which use /dev/sda2
sudo umount /var/media
- Use fdisk to delete /dev/sda3, delete old /dev/sda2 and recreate as a larger partition (this will not actually delete any data from /dev/sda2)
$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 38913. There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024, and could in certain setups cause problems with: 1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO) 2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08270827 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 16708 134206976 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 16708 20532 30716282+ 83 Linux /dev/sda3 20533 38913 147645380 7 HPFS/NTFS Command (m for help): d Partition number (1-4): 3 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08270827 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 16708 134206976 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 16708 20532 30716282+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): d Partition number (1-4): 2 Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 First sector (268414015-625142447, default 268414015): Using default value 268414015 Last sector or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (268414015-625142447, default 625142447): Using default value 625142447 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 320.0 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x08270827 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 268414014 134206976 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda2 268414015 625142447 178364216+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot. Syncing disks.
- If fdisk warned you that the kernel still uses the old table, you will need to reboot now. Remember to unmount relevant logical volumes again after rebooting.
- Resize the LVM physical volume to match the new partition size
sudo pvresize /dev/sda2
- Check how many free extents exist in the volume group - you should see extents corresponding to the increase in size of your physical partition
sudo vgdisplay
- Add this many extents to /dev/vg1/media
sudo lvextend -l +<num-extents> /dev/vg1/media''
- Check that the volume sizes look correct
sudo vgdisplay
- Resize the ext3 filesystem on /dev/vg1/media
sudo resize2fs /dev/vg1/media
- Remount affected filesystems
sudo mount /var/media
- Check that everything looks ok :)
Sample vgdisplay Output
--- Volume group --- VG Name vg1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 5 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 170.10 GB PE Size 4.00 MB Total PE 43545 Alloc PE / Size 43545 / 170.10 GB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID TACrPR-xO6J-mHz0-hiMn-ax3G-R3a4-dv2ivp
